“Islam is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad. Adherents of Islam, called Muslims, number approximately 1.9 billion globally and are the world’s second-largest religious population after Christians.
(The map shows the Main tribes and settlements of Arabia in Muhammad’s lifetime.)
The religion of Islam originated in Mecca about 610 C.E., (Common Era). Muslims believe this is when Muhammad began receiving revelation. By the time of his death, most of the Arabian Peninsula had converted to Islam. They consider Muhammad as the main and final Islamic prophet, through whom the religion was completed. The teachings and normative examples of Muhammad, called the sunnah, documented in accounts called the hadith, provide a constitutional model for Muslims. Islam teaches that God (Allah) is one and incomparable. It states that there will be a ‘Final Judgment’ wherein the righteous will be rewarded in paradise (Jannah) and the unrighteous will be punished in hel
l (Jahannam).
The Five Pillars — considered obligatory acts of worship — comprise the Islamic oath and creed (Shahada); daily prayers (Salah); almsgiving (Zakat); fasting (Sawm) in the month of Ramadan; and a pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca (seen above). Islamic law, Sharia, touches on virtually every aspect of life, from banking and finance and welfare to men’s and women’s roles and the environment.
(In the 15th Century Persian miniature below, Muhammad leads Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and others in prayer.) 
Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed many times through earlier prophets, the most important being Adam (believed to be the first man), Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. Muslims consider the Qur’an to be the verbatim word of God and the unaltered, final revelation.
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